Amabuye y'agaciro ya Australiya

Amabuye y'agaciro ya Ositaraliya kuva kera yabaye intandaro yo kuzamura ubukungu no gutera imbere.Igihugu gikungahaye ku makara, amabuye y'icyuma, zahabu n'andi mabuye y'agaciro bituma isi ikenera isi mu nzego zirimo inganda, ubwubatsi n'ingufu.Nyamara, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro bwahuye n’ibibazo byinshi mu myaka yashize, harimo ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa bihindagurika, ibiciro bizamuka ndetse n’ipiganwa ryiyongera ku masoko akomeye.N'ubwo bimeze bityo ariko, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro bwa Ositaraliya buracyari igice cy'ingenzi mu bukungu, butanga amamiliyaridi y'amadorari mu byoherezwa mu mahanga kandi butera inkunga ibihumbi n'ibihumbi mu gihugu hose.

Imwe mu mabuye y'agaciro atwara ubukungu bwa Ositaraliya ni ubutare bw'icyuma.Iki gihugu gifite amabuye y'agaciro yo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu karere ka Pilbara gaherereye mu burengerazuba bwa Ositaraliya kandi ni umwe mu bakora ibicuruzwa byinshi kandi byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ku isi.Ibisabwa ku bucukuzi bw'ibyuma byiyongereye mu myaka yashize mu gihe Ubushinwa n'ibindi bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere bikomeje gushora imari mu bikorwa remezo n'imishinga y'ubwubatsi.Amabuye y'icyuma yari afite kimwe cya kane cy’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga muri Ositaraliya mu 2020, byinjiza miliyari 136 z'amadolari y’Amerika kandi bishyigikira imirimo ibihumbi icumi.Nyamara, inganda zirimo kotswa igitutu n’abashinzwe ibidukikije n’amatsinda y'Abasangwabutaka bahangayikishijwe n'ingaruka z'amabuye y'agaciro manini ku butaka n'imico gakondo.

Undi mukinyi ukomeye mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro ya Australiya ni amakara.Mu gihe amakara yabaye intandaro y’ubukungu mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, inganda zihura n’ibibazo bikomeye mu gihe isi ihinduka ingufu z’amashanyarazi kandi ibihugu bikishyiraho intego zikomeye z’ikirere.Inganda z’amakara muri Ositaraliya yibasiwe cyane n’icyorezo cy’isi yose, aho ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byagabanutseho kimwe cya gatatu mu 2020 kuko icyifuzo cyagabanutse mu Bushinwa no ku yandi masoko akomeye.Inkunga ya guverinoma ihuriweho n’inganda nayo yanenzwe n’amatsinda y’ibidukikije, bavuga ko gukomeza kwishingikiriza ku bicanwa biva mu kirere bitajyanye n’intego zo kugabanya karubone.

Nubwo hari ibibazo, inganda zicukura amabuye y'agaciro muri Ositaraliya zikomeje gushora imari mu ikoranabuhanga rishya n’uburyo bwo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro kugira ngo bikomeze guhatana kandi birambye.Kurugero, iterambere ryimodoka zigenga zicukura zemerera abashoramari kugabanya ibiciro no guteza imbere umutekano, mugihe iyemezwa ryingufu zishobora kongera ingufu nkizuba n umuyaga bishobora gufasha kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya nibidukikije.Inganda kandi ikorana n’abaturage b’abasangwabutaka kugira ngo ahacukurwe amabuye y'agaciro atezwe imbere mu buryo bushinzwe kandi bwita ku muco, no guteza imbere gahunda zishyigikira uburezi, amahugurwa n'amahirwe yo kubona akazi ku Banyaustraliya kavukire.

Usibye ibyuma n'amabuye y'agaciro, Ositaraliya ifite kandi gaze gasanzwe na peteroli.Imirima ya gazi yo mu gihugu, cyane cyane ikibaya cya Brows na Carnarvon kiri ku nkombe z’iburengerazuba bwa Ositaraliya, ni imwe mu nini ku isi, itanga ingufu z’agaciro ku masoko yo mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga.Icyakora, iterambere ry’umutungo wa gazi karemano naryo ryagiye impaka, kubera impungenge z’ingaruka zo gucika ku bidukikije ndetse n’amazi meza, ndetse n’umusanzu wa gaze gasanzwe mu byuka bihumanya ikirere.

N'ubwo izo mpungenge, Guverinoma ya Ositaraliya ikomeje gushyigikira iterambere ry’inganda za peteroli na gaze, ivuga ko itanga inyungu z’ubukungu n’umutekano w’ingufu.Guverinoma y’igihugu yiyemeje kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere hashingiwe ku masezerano y’i Paris, mu gihe ishishikariza ishoramari mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu zisukuye nka hydrogène no gufata karubone no kubika.Icyakora, impaka zerekeye ejo hazaza h’ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro zishobora gukomeza mu gihe amatsinda y’ibidukikije n’abaturage b’abasangwabutaka baharanira kurengera cyane umurage n’umurage ndangamuco, kandi bagasaba ko igihugu cyinjira mu bukungu burambye kandi bwa karuboni nkeya.

Muri rusange, ubutare bw'amabuye y'agaciro ya Ositaraliya ni igice cy'ingenzi mu bukungu, bugira uruhare mu miliyari y'amadorari yoherezwa mu mahanga no gutera inkunga ibihumbi n'ibihumbi mu gihugu hose.Nubwo inganda zahuye n’ibibazo byinshi mu myaka yashize, harimo kugabanuka kw'ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa no kuzamuka kw’ibiciro, biracyari imbarutso y’iterambere n’iterambere.Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rishya, uburyo burambye bwo gucukura amabuye y’amabuye n’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu bifasha kwemeza ko inganda zikomeza gutera imbere mu rwego rw’imihindagurikire y’isi, mu gihe kongera imikoranire n’abaturage b’abasangwabutaka hamwe n’amatsinda y’ibidukikije bishobora gufasha gukuramo umutungo mu buryo bushinzwe kandi bushinzwe umuco.Inzira Yumva.Mugihe Australiya ikomeje gukemura ibibazo byubukungu n’ibidukikije byo mu kinyejana cya 21, inganda z’amabuye y'agaciro zizakomeza kugira uruhare runini mu bihe biri imbere by’igihugu.